Biological Classification

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It is proposed by R.H. Whittaker (1969).

It includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae & Animalia.

This is based on cell structure, thallus organization, mode of

nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.

FIVE- KINGDOM

CLASSIFICATION

ÇHÅRÅÇTËRÏSTÏÇS ØF THË FÏVË KÏÑGDØMS

Characters

Monera

Protista

Fungi

Plantae

Animalia

Cell type

Prokaryotic

Eukaryotic

Eukaryotic

Eukaryotic

Eukaryotic

Cell wall

Non-cellulosic

(polysaccharide

+ amino acid)

Present in some

Present (Chitin &

polysaccharides)

(without cellulose)

Present

(Cellulose)

Absent

Nuclear

membrane

Absent

Present

Present

Present

Present

Body

organisation

Cellular

Cellular

Multicellular, loose

tissue

Tissue/organ

Tissue/organ/

organ system

Mode of

nutrition

Autotrophic

(photosynthetic &

chemosynthetic)

and

heterotrophic

(saprophytic/

parasitic)

Autotrophic

(photosynthetic)

and

heterotrophic

Heterotrophic

(saprophytic or

parasitic)

Autotrophic

(photosynthetic)

Heterotrophic

(holozoic,

saprophytic

etc.)

THRËË-DØMÅÏÑ ØF LÏFË (SÏX KÏÑGDØM ÇLÅSSÏFÏÇÅTÏØÑ)

It was proposed by Carl Woese.

Three domains are as follows:

Domain Archaea:

Includes single

kingdom of

Archaebacteria

Domain Bacteria:

Includes single

kingdom of

Eubacteria.

Domain Eukarya:

Includes 4

eukaryotic

kingdoms- Protista,

Fungi, Plantae and

Animalia

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